中巴两国建交初期交往较少,仅保持一般关系，随着国际时局变幻，六十年代两国关系发生了历史性转变，从一个普通邻居变成了“巴铁”。在海外问答论坛Quora上，印度网友提问道：为什么中国和巴基斯坦的关系这么好？这引起了外国网友的热议，他们认为两国关系的发展是各方因素综合作用的结果。

问题：为什么中国和巴基斯坦的关系这么好？

巴基斯坦专家Ezio•Yao的回答

At first glance, the good relationship between China and Pakistan seems to be entirely out of national interests. To some extent, it can be said, but it is not limited to this.

乍一看，中国和巴基斯坦的良好关系似乎完全是出于国家利益，在某种程度上可以这么说，但又不限于此。

Today’s China is described by some as a superpower. China’s side on Pakistan can indeed deter Indian aggression; China needs to open a trade route to the west through Pakistan to bypass the large military presence of the United States in the South China Sea.

今天的中国被一些人描述为一个超级大国，中国站在巴基斯坦一边，确实可以起到威慑印度侵略的作用；而中国需要通过巴基斯坦开辟一条通往西方的贸易航线，绕过美国在南海地区的大量军事存在。

Pakistan has two neighboring countries, one is a turbulent and poor Afghanistan, the other is a covetous and hostile India. Pakistan can only face the East. Of course, it also gives itself a free ride on China’s economic take-off. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the crystallization of all-round strategic cooperation between the two countries.

巴基斯坦有两个邻国，一个是动荡、贫穷的阿富汗，另一个是虎视眈眈，充满敌意的印度，巴基斯坦只能面向东方，当然他也因此让自己搭上了中国经济腾飞的顺风车，中巴经济走廊（CPEC）是两国全方位战略合作的结晶。

The close relationship between China and Pakistan can be traced back to the middle of last century. In the 1965 India Pakistan war, although China was not a belligerent, it supported Pakistan to a certain extent to enable it to resist the influence of the Soviet Union in South Asia. Since then, China has formed a pro Pakistan policy. Later, the two countries have firmly stood together on both the Soviet war in Afghanistan and Pakistan’s nuclear program.

中国和巴基斯坦的亲密关系可以追溯到上个世纪中叶。在1965年的印巴战争中，中国虽然不是交战国，但在一定程度上支持巴基斯坦使其有能力对抗苏联在南亚的影响。从那时起，中国形成了亲巴基斯坦的政策，后来，无论是苏联对阿富汗战争问题还是巴基斯坦核计划问题，两国都坚定地站在一起。

In the 1960s and early 1970s, China was hostile to the Soviet Union and the United States. Therefore, as a friendly neighbor, Pakistan was a necessary choice at that time, but for Pakistan, China was not a reliable choice.

在20世纪60年代和70年代初，中国受到苏联和美国两个超级大国的敌视。因此，作为友好邻邦的巴基斯坦在当时是一个必要的选择，但对巴基斯坦来说，中国不是一个可靠的选择。

At that time, China was very poor, even poorer than India and Pakistan, and could not provide too much substantive support to Pakistan economically and technically. By the 1990s, although China was a much larger country than India and Pakistan, China was not much more developed in technology and industry than Pakistan. Pakistan could get the technical and economic support of the United States, but China could not provide much to Pakistan.

当时中国很穷，甚至比印度和巴基斯坦还穷，在经济和技术上都无法为巴基斯坦提供太多实质性的支持。到20世纪90年代，尽管中国是一个比印巴两国大得多的国家，但中国在技术和工业上比巴基斯坦发达不了多少，巴基斯坦可以得到美国的技术和经济支持，但中国无法向巴基斯坦提供太多东西。

In the late 1980s, when most western countries imposed sanctions on China, Pakistan was one of the few countries that expressed support for China in the United Nations. In fact, Pakistan did not have to do so, but out of the profound friendship between the two countries, he stood up and expressed solidarity with China.

八十年代末，当大多数西方国家对中国实施制裁时，巴基斯坦是少数在联合国表示支持中国的国家之一，其实巴基斯坦不必这样做，但出于两国深刻的友谊，他还是站出来对中国进行了声援。

At that time, China was largely isolated, its economy was in its infancy, not strong enough and backward technology. Pakistan could not predict that China would become what it is today. If Pakistan just wants to make a casual friend, it will not risk irritating the United States to express its support for China. It could have kept silent, especially when the Soviet Union had collapsed and the United States no longer needed Pakistan’s support in Afghanistan.

当时中国在很大程度上处于孤立状态，经济处于萌芽状态，不够强大，技术落后，巴基斯坦根本预测不到中国会变成今天的样子。如果巴基斯坦只是想随便交一个朋友，它就不会冒着让美国恼火的风险来表达对中国的支持。它本可以保持沉默，尤其是当时苏联已经崩溃，美国不再需要巴基斯坦在阿富汗的支持。

China’s economic rise accelerated in the 1990s and did not surpass India until the 1990s. On the other hand, Pakistan has plunged into a decade of turmoil and chaos. In 1998, it was crucial for Pakistan to provide support for most of the western countries in the face of nuclear tests.

中国的经济崛起在20世纪90年代开始加速，也是直到20世纪90年代才超越印度。而另一方面，巴基斯坦陷入了整整十年的动荡和混乱。更糟糕的是，由于1998年的核试验，它面临着大多数西方国家的制裁，正是在这个时候，中国为巴基斯坦提供了至关重要的支持。

The United States, Pakistan’s main ally, was unhappy with Pakistan’s promotion of its nuclear program. It tried to buy Pakistan out by selling F-16 fighters. After being rejected, the United States imposed sanctions. Pakistan was deprived of its only advanced fighter supplier, while India obtained mirage 2000 from France and Sukhoi fighters from Russia. This puts Pakistan at an insurmountable disadvantage in the future conflict with India, because the winning power of the modern air force is becoming more and more important.

巴基斯坦的主要盟友美国对巴基斯坦推进其核计划很不高兴，曾试图用出售F-16战斗机收买巴基斯坦让其打消念头，遭到拒绝后，美国实施了制裁，巴基斯坦被剥夺了其唯一的先进战斗机供应商，而印度则从法国获得了幻影2000，从俄罗斯获得了苏霍伊型战机。这让巴基斯坦在未来与印度的冲突中处于不可逾越的劣势，因为现代空军的制胜力量越来越重要。

At the same time, China mainly relies on Russia’s Sukhoi fighters and has not been able to produce its own fourth generation fighters. The sanctions imposed by the European Union and the United States on China are watertight, making it impossible for China to obtain weapons from the West.

与此同时，中国主要依赖俄罗斯的苏霍伊战斗机，还没有能力生产自己的第四代战斗机，而欧盟和美国对中国实施的制裁滴水不漏，使中国无法从西方获得武器。

Both China and Pakistan need a cheap but high-performance fighter. Later, Pakistan was exempted from obtaining the F-16 from the United States, but the China Pakistan JF-17 project is still in progress. Pakistan’s participation saved China a lot of expenses and reduced the R & D cost of aircraft, which was very important to China at that time when China’s military budget was very small. This is the output background of JF-17 lightning plan.

中国和巴基斯坦都需要一架廉价但性能优良的战斗机，后来，巴基斯坦被豁免从美国获得了F-16，但中巴JF-17项目仍在进行中。巴基斯坦的参与使中国节省了大量开支，并降低了飞机的研发成本，这在当时中国的军事预算很小的情况下对中国至关重要。这就是JF-17雷电计划的产出背景。

JF17战斗机

Later, China became stronger, more advanced in economy and technology, and helped Pakistan more and more.

后来中国变得更加强大，经济和技术更加先进，对巴基斯坦的帮助也越来越大。

So you can see that the friendly relationship between Pakistan and China is not just due to accidental political events and simple interests. It took decades for the two countries to establish mutual trust and profound relations.

所以你可以看到，巴基斯坦和中国之间的友好关系不仅仅是因为偶然的政治事件和简单的利益，两国用几十年的时间才建立起互信和深厚的关系。

Because of this, China, which is much stronger and more advanced than at that time, will continue to provide economic, industrial, diplomatic and technical support to Pakistan. Whether it is infrastructure (CPEC), advanced warship (054A frigate), advanced fighter (JF-17 block 3) or AIP submarine (039 / 041), it will equip Pakistani forces through technology transfer. Our relations will continue to benefit the two peoples and strengthen regional stability.

正因为如此，今天比当时强大得多、也先进得多的中国将继续向巴基斯坦提供经济、工业、外交和技术支持，无论是基础设施（CPEC）、先进战舰（054A型护卫舰）、先进战斗机（JF-17 block 3）还是AIP潜艇（039/041型），都将通过技术转让装备巴基斯坦部队。我们的关系将继续使两国人民受益匪浅，并加强地区稳定。

Looking back on the past, it is surprising that two countries with different ideologies, such as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Marxist Leninist people’s Republic of China, have successfully maintained such long-term friendly relations in many aspects.

回顾过去，像巴基斯坦伊斯兰共和国和马列主义的中华人民共和国这样意识形态迥异的两个国家成功地在多个方面维持了如此长期的友好关系，这真是令人惊讶。

This is because both sides respected each other, did not interfere in each other’s internal affairs, and jointly decided to shelve ideological differences, no matter which side was in a more favorable position at that time. Pakistan has undergone many constitutional and government reforms, but our relationship is still close, friendly and sustainable, and will continue to be so.

这是因为双方都尊重对方，不干涉对方的内部事务，并共同决定搁置意识形态上的分歧，不管哪一方在当时处于更有利的地位。巴基斯坦已经经历了宪法和政府的多次改革，但我们的关系仍然是紧密友好而可持续的，并将继续这样维持下去。

巴基斯坦网友Sam Arora的回答

As early as 2500 years ago, there were developed trade routes between China and the surrounding areas of Pakistan today. Taksila (now a UNESCO World Heritage site) was an important city at that time. It was located at the center of three major ancient trade routes that formed part of the silk road network. The relations between the two countries had profound historical origins.

早在2500多年前，中国和现在现今巴基斯坦周边地区之间就存在着发达的贸易路线。塔克西拉（现为联合国教科文组织世界遗产）当时是一座重要的城市，位于构成丝绸之路网络一部分的三条主要古代贸易路线的中心，两国关系有着深刻的历史渊源。

When both China and Pakistan were isolated, both countries insisted on standing on each other’s side. There is a saying in Pakistan that describes the relationship between the two countries: “higher than mountains, deeper than the sea, stronger than steel, more precious than eyes and sweeter than honey”.

当中国和巴基斯坦都被孤立时，两国都坚持站在对方一边。巴基斯坦有句俗语形容两国的关系：“比山高，比海深，比钢强，比眼睛珍贵，比蜂蜜还要香甜”。

This is a strategic, emotional and time tested relationship. China and Pakistan trust each other and become closer with the passage of time.

这是一种战略性的、情感化的、经过时间考验的关系，中巴双方相互信任，并随着时间的推移而变得更加紧密。

When the world was hostile to the newly established people’s Republic of China, Pakistan became the first Muslim country to recognize it.

当世界对新成立的中华人民共和国怀有敌意时，巴基斯坦成为有史以来第一个承认她的穆斯林国家。

When both countries face national disasters, China and Pakistan also support each other. Both countries suffered huge earthquake disasters and both quickly extended a helping hand to each other.

当两国都面临国家灾难时，中国和巴基斯坦也相互支持。这两个国家都遭受了巨大的地震灾难，都迅速向对方伸出援手。

When the earthquake struck Pakistan in 2005, China immediately sent a rescue team of 49 people and relief materials worth millions of dollars.

2005年巴基斯坦发生地震时，中国立即派出了49人的救援队和价值数百万美元的救援物资。

During the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan, Pakistan urgently organized tents, relief supplies, food and medical teams to help and save the people affected by the Sichuan earthquake.

在四川汶川地震期间，巴基斯坦紧急组织帐篷、救援物资、食品和医疗队，以帮助和拯救四川地震的受灾人民。

After the devastating floods in Hubei Province, Pakistan donated 10000 tons of rice to the affected areas.

在湖北省发生毁灭性洪水后，巴基斯坦向受灾地区捐赠了1万吨大米。

China has always been Pakistan’s iron brother and true friend. In the last century, China also faced pressure and criticism from India, the United States and the Soviet Union. In 1972, India made East Pakistan independent and established Bangladesh. China used its few veto power during its term of office to prevent Bangladesh from gaining recognition in the United Nations to help solve the problem of Pakistan.

中国一直是巴基斯坦的铁兄弟和真正的朋友。上个世纪，中国还面临来自印度、美国和苏联的压力和批评。1972年，印度使东巴基斯坦独立建立孟加拉国，中国利用其任期内为数不多的否决权，阻止孟加拉国在联合国获得承认，以帮助解决巴基斯坦的问题。

On September 18, 1965, Pakistan was gradually at a disadvantage in the India Pakistan war. China not only provided Pakistan with military weapons, but also directly threatened India, increasing China’s military presence in southern Tibet and around Sikkim, which played a role in undermining India’s attack and further stopping the fire.

1965年9月18日，印巴战争中巴基斯坦渐渐处于劣势，中国不仅向巴基斯坦提供了军事武器，还直接“威胁”了印度，增加了中方在藏南地区和锡金周围的军事存在，这起到了破坏印度进攻从而进一步停火的作用。

China also continues to support Pakistan’s technological development, from nuclear technical cooperation to satellite launch, to Chinese engineers working in Pakistan and building infrastructure projects to help improve the daily lives of Pakistanis. Long time China has one belt, one road to the CPEC, which is an extension of China’s “one belt and one way” initiative.

中国还继续支持巴基斯坦的技术发展，从核技术合作到卫星发射，再到中国工程师在巴基斯坦工作、建设基础设施项目，帮助改善巴基斯坦人的日常生活。CPEC中巴经济走廊是中国“一带一路”倡议的延伸，实际上已经磋商建设了很长时间。

Therefore, with a considerable degree of sincere feelings, the two sides have transcended politics, religion, culture, government form and economy. This is a relationship that has withstood the hardships of both sides.

因此，双方怀着相当程度的真挚感情，超越了政治、宗教、文化、政府形式和经济，这是一段经受了双方艰辛考验的关系。

If China only regarded Pakistan as a tool against India, she would not privately suggest Pakistan to improve its relations with India and ease hostility over the years, but she did. The “China model” is improving the relationship between India and Pakistan, because China really believes that peaceful development is the best way for Pakistan to move forward.

如果中国只将巴基斯坦视为对抗印度的工具，那么多年来，她不会私下建议巴基斯坦改善与印度的关系，缓和敌意，但她确实做到了。“中国模式”正在改善印度和巴基斯坦之间的关系，因为中国真的相信和平发展是巴基斯坦前进的最佳途径。

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